Are you currently reading this article through AT&T DSL? If so, you may need to upgrade or purchase a new ISP as soon as possible. AT&T quietly stopped selling the new traditional DSL on October 1, but they will continue to sell the upgraded fiber-to-node version. This has left a huge digital divide, because only 28% of AT&T's 21 state territories have built all-fiber-to-the-home, and the company stated that they have completed almost all the fiber expansion they intend to carry out. AT&T's upgraded DSL product is a hybrid product of optical fiber and copper cable. The optical fiber ends at the network node closest to the user's home, while the local loop still passes through copper or coaxial cable.

At about the same time, a report jointly written by members of the American Communications Workers Union and the Digital Inclusion Advocacy Group came out. According to the report, AT&T is carrying out a comprehensive fiber upgrade for affluent and non-rural areas, leaving the rest of the country ignorant.

Since the Internet has always been the glue that binds these unprecedented times together, this news is a slap in the face to many rural customers who are trying to work, go to school, and see doctors through various video conferencing services.

If you live in a large enough city, you may have not considered DSL (if you have one) for about 20 years. You may be surprised to learn about the popularity of ADSL in the UK. ADSL was the main source of broadband in the UK until 2017, but it was offset by the rise of fiber-to-the-cabinet (FTTC) connections. However, this Ofcom report shows that in 2018, ADSL still accounted for more than one-third of all broadband connections in the UK.

Why do people still own it, and what should they do in the United States when it dries up?

DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line, which is essentially the Internet over copper cables. Until the mid-1990s, many people, including myself, used modems with various baud rates to access the Internet. To use a modem, the phone line must be occupied during this period.

When DSL came along, not only was it faster than the fastest modem you could buy in large stores, but you could also make calls while using DSL. Personally, I have never had a DSL. They are expensive, and when I pay for my own Internet, cable modems are becoming more and more popular in the United States. They cost about the same per month, but are touted to be faster than DSL. I want cable TV anyway, so it makes sense.

DSL operates at frequencies higher than the voice frequency, so it can coexist on copper cables with voice lines. In order to prevent the DSL frequency from overflowing and echoing into the voice call, there are analog low-pass DSL filters, splitters, and combined filter splitters to separate the lines. Before they reach the wider Internet, DSL is aggregated into a digital subscriber line access multiplexer or DSLAM in the central office, and then fed into the switch.

When people talk about modern DSL, they are usually talking about asynchronous DSL, or ADSL. The download speed range is approximately 5-35 Mbps, and the average upload speed is 1-10 Mbps. The asymmetry lies in the data throughput: upload speed is slower than download speed because people usually download more than upload.

In synchronous DSL (SDSL), throughput is symmetric. There are also VDSL and VDSL2-two layers of ultra-high-speed DSL. VDSL speed can reach 52Mbps downstream and 16Mbps upstream, while the maximum two-way VDSL2 is about 100Mbps.

DSL can also be classified as "wet" or "dry". If you are using wet DSL, the copper wire pair can also transmit voice. Dry DSL only DSL. This nomenclature comes from the early voice circuit, when you pick up the phone to dial, it needs a battery to detect. The main circuit line is not connected to the battery and gets all the power they need from the central office.

The CWA and NDIA reports also accused AT&T of carrying out "digital red lines" in urban centers, which basically benefited the wealthy in cities such as Cleveland and Detroit, which involve optical fiber construction. AT&T naturally denies any so-called red line activities.

Some urban customers are lucky to have other options, such as cable, fiber or satellite access. But many people in rural areas do not have the luxury of shopping. Where AT&T is about to leave or has left, subscribers are forced to buy from existing cable companies or any other available companies. They don't have the luxury of buying the best or even the fastest connection.

AT&T is not the only company giving up DSL. Verizon is killing it wherever they have fiber service, and no new customers can buy DSL in the FiOS space. Many people still rely on plain old DSLs, and this is a terrible moment that puts these customers in trouble. Regrettably, when municipalities can use these lines to ensure that every household that still has copper can use some kind of Internet access, so much copper is left to rot in the elements.

So, Hackaday, did we reach you through the old AT&T DSL? What is your plan? If you have a DSL and are not affected by this, what do you think? If nothing else, DSL is powerful: it can even run on wet strings.

A 300bps modem will also run on wet strings...and DSL is like that. In the 2000s, DSL was a big deal, and it passed quickly.

Yes, anyway, in my experience, DSL is severely affected when water enters the wire, and guess what, the telephone company is not interested in fixing it. If you can't make it work, it doesn't matter how "great" the technology is.

Whenever it rains heavily, I will encounter this problem for a while, and I will lose DSL. CLEC (Competitive Local Exchange Operator) refused to replace the damaged overhead line part. When the pair I used ended up permanently shorting, they just transferred me to the other pair in the damaged line, and I still had problems when it rained heavily. But it is their or more expensive Cable One, and when I can watch YouTube, Crackle and various other free streaming options and more than 40 ATSC free radio channels, I *do not want* via cable TV and phone.

One big difference between cable companies and telephone companies is that cable companies must maintain their factories to avoid WRT interference in violation of regulatory regulations.

Cable TV companies may have to maintain the integrity of their RF signal input and output systems, but Spectrum rarely maintains battery backup, node capacity, the physical integrity of the factory, or WiFi hotspots. The price they charge is unforgivable. Continue to use Frontier DSL.

There are many factual errors in this article.

I'm pretty sure he meant wet, just like on the voice service line, not wet because there is water in it. The only reason I know this phone line jargon is that I just read it in the hackaday article: https://hackaday.com/2020/10/29/dsl-is-barely-hanging-on-the-line-as -telcos-stop-sales-new-service/

No, he meant it might be wet, just like holding water. One of the steps in my family's more than 20 years of Internet service history is ADSL. We tried to order 6 Mbps service, but the operator (unnamed because it is a CLEC that is no longer in business; the line is leased from Verizon) can only provide 3 Mbps due to poor loop quality. Our service fails during every heavy rain. What happened is this: Our service will go out. We called the carrier to repair it. They will wait a few days to send another technician. At this time, the line has dried up and they can't find any problems. Rinse and repeat. We finally had to admit failure. We turned to Clearwire (another failure story on another day), and finally turned to Comcast (a company I really don’t want to do business with, it shouldn’t exist in its current form: Comcast/NBCU’s The merger should be rejected on the grounds of antitrust).

Many years ago, when I was a technician, in one area, we often rented wet pairs from the telephone company to provide services to our customers. This is definitely a problem with the telephone company. In addition, my own telephone line was very noisy due to water ingress a few years ago.

The last sentence is a hyperlink to an article about the literal use of strings and water.

It may be a good thing for hackers to implement their own Internet layer.

In my state of Kentucky, att is the only Internet service provider that provides services in my area. There is no century or any other century. The satellite came out because of the trees and mountains, and there was no line of sight. So there is no internet here. Att does not even allow hotspots to be used on mobile phones. How to do?

Dump ATT in your case, as I did many years ago. They never provide dial-up Internet service. Before the local cable TV, there was no DSL, staring at the provision of Internet and telephone services. DSL has never been my rural choice

I don't understand how ATT prevents you from using phone hotspots. You can download many apps to do this on any phone, but it is also built into most phones. Ian imagines that the only way they can block your hotspot is to sell you a phone that disables it. Buy your mobile phone operator for free, unlock the SIM card, and it should work normally. Not long ago, I did this on ATT for 2-3 years.

They can stop it. The TTL of the gateway monitoring device. If it is different from the TTL of the phone, they know that you are using the device as a hotspot. Change the TTL of your device to match the TTL of your smartphone and you will get a hotspot.

I want to know why mobile operators sell GB data, but do not allow you to bind it. My phone has 10 GB space and can be connected to it.

I mean I have two cable companies in Chicago... but I still choose to keep my VDSL2 service

The cable is good until you realize that you are only sharing 120Mbps uploads for the entire node and everyone is making zoom calls to the same node

100/20 35 USD, there is no upper limit like Comcast? It is very good.. as solid as a rock, my complaints are zero.

Most people I know who insist on using ADSL1 can get updated flavors from AT&T. They are just worried that they will end up paying more, or the line may be unstable.. In my experience.. AT&T is very conservative about the services they provide.

AT&T 3Mbps DSL is here. They have stopped selling new services and do not provide alternative services. Their cell phone service is also useless here. I live in a rural area, but less than a mile from the Spectrum cable TV service, the latter refuses to expand because of "insufficient profit."

I used ADSL2 to make a lot of calls to my slum city to get the most out of it. The initial limit was 10mbps because AT&T was unwilling to enable higher rates on my bill. After finally talking with an engineering representative, I asked them to untie my hat-resulting in an amazing speed of 17mbps!

Just this one: https://www.speedtest.net/result/10344244397

You forgot ISDN... 64kbit/s (!) or 128kbit/s (combined channel). great! Besides, 1200 baud is no joke. In Germany, packet radio in the 11m band has achieved great success since about 10 years. Around 1994. Many CBers enjoy the freedom to send/receive emails, chat, and download software via radio waves.

That will be Basic Rate ISDN (BRI). There is also the main rate ISDN (PRI), which is 24 64k channels (in North America). PRI is usually used with PBX or CSU.

Twenty years ago, Ericsson HIS (Home Internet Solution) was a technology like ISDN for the poor. Between 1999 and 2004, it was provided by the current monopoly telephone provider TPSA in Poland under the "SDI" brand (Szybki Dostęp do Internetu = Fast Internet Access). By 2002, it had been installed in more than 125,000 homes. The technology was outdated by the release date, and Ericsson had no luck to sell it to anyone else and eventually transferred manufacturing to Poland. HIS SDI is the first widely used dedicated Internet connection in Poland. It completely changed Internet access, small amateur local area networks began to emerge everywhere, and people shared the cost of SDI subscriptions. I installed my own equipment around 2000. Installation cost ~$250 = 2x minimum wage/~70% average wage, ~$40 = 1/3 minimum wage/10% average monthly wage. The wages are low because Poland is still recovering from 40 years of occupation by Russia and it will take another 4 years to join the European Union. The only option at the time was a T1 line for about $1,000 per month and a pair of $grand installations.

Ericsson HIS connects to the computer via RS232 and provides a speed of 115.2 kb/s (no compression available), which is reduced to 70 kb/s when using a telephone. http://super-memory.com/archive/his.htm

I was reading this article on the day I upgraded the cable connection from 75/10 Mb to 500/20. I have worked in the telecommunications industry for many years and have always been skeptical of ADSL, because it relies heavily on line quality and distance. I live a few blocks away from the telephone company CO, and one of my neighbors cannot get downloads over 50 Mb. I don't know if she is connected to the hybrid node or directly to the CO. But I didn't notice any nodes between here and CO. Another difference is that I have used IPv6 through a wired ISP for nearly 5 years, but the local telephone company still does not provide it. I realized that this is a business issue rather than a technical issue, but a way to illustrate my ISP's service is better than that of the local telephone company.

Until the cable company fixes the 42MHz upstream limit and deploys medium/high separation, I am not interested in going back to cable TV. Sharing an upload speed of 120Mbps with 50 other houses connected to the same node and working at home did not result in good results.

I can currently get "Gigabit" from the cable company, but I choose to continue to use 100/20 VDSL2 because I know I will not share limited uploads with my neighbors (I know that the optical fiber on the roadside is shared, but less Much more likely than a node with 50 customers attached to be oversubscribed)

I went to a telecommunications trade school. After working at ILEC/Telco in my area for nearly ten years, I can tell you if there are any signs in my area that no one in the whole area cares about copper, even if it accounts for telecommunications revenue. Of non-trivial percentages.

In my area, there is even a clear impetus for people to give up their landlines and DSLs in exchange for wireless services, because wireless regulations are far less than copper wire regulations. Basically, the sooner everyone abandons their fixed phone in Canada, the telecommunications company can basically kill the entire part of the CO, which is too old, and only the "old guys" know how to operate or fix anything.

Telecom companies also have a serious problem. They are also ISP managers who always see the new buzzwords of wireless services and optical fiber, but they no longer care about the old technology that they do not use or update for 3-5 cycles, which is of no avail.

In one of my past jobs, it was almost a full-time job, just annoying the telecommunications company to solve the wiring problems in our stores (about 50 stores). Between telephone lines, DSL, and several cables are installed almost every day. We have at least one place where there is an outage and need to call every hour to understand what happened and make sure they think they have been repaired without actual repairs it. In some places, the phone and the Internet will be lost for about an hour twice a day, and we can't let telecommunications care. It happened almost as planned (we suspect the train was involved for some reason), but since it took at least 2 hours to bring the technology there, it was "always good when we tested it." I can't believe we paid them for service, but they know they have the only Internet and telephone service in town, and cell phone modems are not a viable option.

I know. In the late 1980s, one of our teams only maintained 4,700 POTS production lines at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant.

I live in Chicago and did see the AT&T fiber box, but I still insist on using ADSL2 and the speed dropped by 3 MBPS which is very slow. (Because it is the "fastest" I get from them in my area.)

The worst part is that I am no longer an ordinary AT&T Internet customer. I am one of their customers.

I live in rural farmland, a few miles from cell phone towers, but I have 400 Mbit of Internet, 70 dollars a month, because our local politicians know how to negotiate with cable companies. Maybe your solution is in the ballot box, if you let them, every telecommunications will screw you up.

The ballot box will not repair AT&T. They do whatever they want. Fortunately, in Chicago, this poster is also available in RCN/WOW or Comcast.

The problem with Chicago is that most buildings are MDUs, and having the HOA or the landlord allow any form of actual building upgrades is itself a mess.

I have fiber optics in the last place on the street, but hoa complained and complained about letting T dollars install fiber optics because they had a rebate agreement with Comcast... and it was "good enough"

RCN does not provide services in my area. To be honest, I have a comcast house and I live 3 days a week. So I have been trying to get my parents to use Comcast more because it is cheaper and better.

Here, in rural Norway, ADSL is also being phased out. In our area, there is no optical fiber available, so we have to take the LTE route. 50Mb/s LTE

How does it compare price wisely? Will they pass on their savings to you? Is the data unlimited?

LTE may be an attractive option, but there is usually a capacity cap in many countries/regions. So you are usually best to use ADSL, even if it is only a small part of the speed.

I am reading this through a Centurylink DSL connection. I just sent the link to this article to a friend who will read this article through his Frontier DSL connection (AT&T is not the only provider). I thought he could laugh...especially the link speed quoted. DSL will exist for a long time, especially for those of us in rural areas. Don't suggest Dish/Hughes Network...the time and cost lag will exclude it from consideration. SpaceX's Starlink is about $100 a month (regardless of what it does to the night sky). The government encourages suppliers to lay fiber optic cables. Some people do, but that's all they do. So let's not say that DSL is about to disappear, and we will all be connected to fiber.

I think the point is that DSL is disappearing and you won't get anything to replace it because the company decides they don't want to deal with it. I can't talk to Centurylink, but I have had the experience that Frontier decided to let their copper factory rot underground while continuing to sell services. The goal seems to be to allow paying customers to use it for as long as possible without providing any service, and let customers decide how long they are willing to endure the degrading service before it is more worthwhile to have alternatives (or none at all) . They will take your money now, but they don't care about keeping you.

$100 per month for the beta version. You can expect different service levels at different prices because it is actually public, and now it is just a toy for enthusiasts to let SpaceX get usage data/experience from it, but they don’t even guarantee that it will be continuously online, so it’s not A real internet service...

Regarding the night sky, this is a very ridiculous complaint, there are already thousands of satellites in orbit, and they *have* not* reduced ground reflection/visibility, while Starlink satellites *actually do*, and have clearly stated goals not to interfere with astronomy /Night sky (no other satellite company or constellation/no). However, even though SpaceX is the operator who cares most about this, and strives to be a model, and even actually conducts research to advance the most advanced technology in mitigating the impact of the constellation, they are the ones everyone has always blamed...

All of this is because a few days after launch, before they reach actual orbit, the satellite trains are visible from the ground in an unusual/eye-catching configuration... and the clickbait media just jumps on it. Selling headlines about the progress of Starlink, destroying the night sky, etc. All this is so frustrating...

Starlink’s first few launches did not squat to minimize reflections, but they are test satellites, and they will be the first test satellites to be out of orbit, because the more fully functional launches have reflection mitigation functions.

The hardware design did not squat down to minimize reflections (for the first few launches), but they started implementing software solutions to this problem very early (orientation to minimize reflections on non-luminous humans, including ground areas, etc.) ), applied to all activated satellites.

$100/month is the price SpaceX charges early adopters. I think the final price of StarLink will be lower.

Spacex does offer a beta version at a price of $1,700 per year. It is 1200 USD (100 USD per month) and 500 USD.

SpaceX's first year was $1,700, followed by $1,200 in subsequent years.

In any case, if 5G really takes off as expected, 5G will cause huge financial loopholes in their business plans. When you can use 5G phones for free with an unlimited data plan, why pay them a monthly connection fee of $100?

Except for fast 5G services will not be available everywhere. Remote areas will get the last, the speed cannot reach the speed you can achieve in the city, and there may be data caps. StarLink will have a niche market, and I expect the final price will be lower; they are charging an early adopter tax.

In many areas, LTE is not yet available, and 2g/3g technologies are still being used. I hope that cellular companies don't have to support the technology 20 years ago (2g), but when they tried to shut it down, all people with old/cheap phones started to complain.

There will not be 5G, but in most congested/populated areas, because its signal is shorter than 4G/LTE, which is still not available in most rural areas of the United States, and many rural areas do not have cellular service at all. What makes me angry is that ATT promised to the FCC that an acquisition they made in the past was to build a certain amount of rural broadband. They completed 10% of that target and stopped. Many rural towns, such as the big city where I live, have radio spectrum for urban/county and emergency services, because digitization does not use bandwidth but still has frequencies. Let companies come in and use these to provide multi-point wireless for local rural counties. resident. This is expected to begin to fill some gaps, but still most rural areas still do not have and will not have the Internet, and more governments and private sectors now almost require online business, work applications, and government access.

DSL is still very large in some South American countries. I don't think it will completely die in a period of time.

This is a deliberate decision to force the use of a large number of high-bandwidth, low-latency, low-altitude (approximately 450 kilometers; 280 miles) satellite Internet constellations in all hard-to-reach places in rural areas. These satellite Internet constellations are beginning to appear online: for example, SpaceX (Starlink) 42,000 Samsung 4,600 satellites Constellation Amazon (Project Kuiper) 3,236 satellites OneWeb (OneWeb constellation) 2,620 satellites Boeing??? China (Hongwan) ~ 300 satellites

The more satellites in the constellation, the lower the orbit, the lower the orbit, and the lower the delay.

My guess is that the government FCC and AT&T reached a behind-the-scenes deal to play.

In fact, I'm talking about the tail wagging the dog. The lower the orbit, the more satellites needed to cover the same area. However, the same signal-to-noise ratio requires less power at lower heights (free space path loss equation), so there is an advantage. And the delay can be about 50% lower than the optical cable (the refractive index of air is 1.0003, compared with the glass core, the refractive index of a typical optical cable is 1.557). Therefore, depending on the height of the satellite constellation and the physical distance between the endpoints, the delay can be lower.

cheer! Elon Musk will save us all! Want to know how reliable a microwave-powered drone flying at an altitude of 10-20 miles can provide broadband without disrupting orbital space?

You don’t need a microwave oven, just install a dozen CNC mirrors on the ground and install solar panels on the bottom of the drone to get 12 times the normal sunlight, voila! Powering drones is very easy and cheap...oh wait...only work during the day...arg, sad :(

Or is it? Just add more mirrors! With a hundred, you can now use *MOONLIGHT* to power the drone! ! ! The problem is solved...Uh, the moon cycle, puff...

Oh wait! Just get thousands of mirrors, and now you can use the reflective *STARLIGHT* to power the bottom of the drone! ! ! !

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kessler_syndrome

Kessler syndrome (also known as the Kessler effect, [1][2] collision cascade or ablation cascade) was proposed by NASA scientist Donald J. Kessler in 1978. It is a theoretical scenario. Among them, the density of objects in low-Earth orbit (LEO) is sufficiently high because of space pollution, collisions between objects may cause cascades, and each collision will produce space debris, increasing the possibility of further collisions. [3] One implication is that the distribution of debris in orbit may make space activities and the use of satellites in specific orbits difficult for generations. [3]

The government is just a behind-the-scenes transaction, and the FCC is a joke! Well, the more space junk there is, maybe the aliens won’t be able to get their spacecraft closer to attack LoL

Minor problem: ADSL is "asymmetric", not "asynchronous".

Asymmetry lies in the uneven distribution of bandwidth between upstream and downstream.

DSL is enough. The most useful knowledge can be easily transferred in a few seconds. 5 megabytes = the number of days of reading and the amount of knowledge required for a lifetime career.

On the other hand, almost any transmission medium is difficult to send 16k resolution, 240 frames per second, 3D, picture-in-picture, and odor vision. A lot of bandwidth is wasted on transmitting noise, novels, fake stories, poorly written JavaScript, and videos enhanced with "digital makeup" to hide pimples and pimples. no need. Life and natural resources are precious and should not be wasted.

As I mentioned, I have been working in the telecommunications industry for a long time, and I remember the really moving days of 1200 baud. At that time, 2 modems were needed to get 2400, and the telephone line had been adjusted. Over the years, people expect to be able to send more and more data. Years ago, no one would consider sending photos or videos. As for video, today I changed my cable TV from the old channel-based digital system to IP video, and at the same time upgraded my Internet connection to 500/20 Mb. In addition, when I first started this business, the only telecommunications service in people's homes was POTS telephone service, which was useless except for talking to people. The most important thing is that technological progress and tomorrow will not be enough yesterday.

Hahahaha...you young people surprised me... 1200 potter is really touching... hahaha... try 110 potter. When I got 300 baud, it was really moving...but only on windy days...that was after I got home from school...2 miles on foot. ...Uphill...in the snow...😄

When I started working in the telecommunications industry, my first job was a workbench technician who was responsible for overhauling teletypewriters. The first one I studied will run at different speeds, from 45.4 to 110 baud, depending on the gear and code!

We don't even have one-only zero! (Old Dilbert joke.)

Our situation is worse.

I had to wade across a 24-foot long shag carpet-12 feet in one direction-just to choose one of the three channels on the TV. If I didn't take home next week's TV guide on Saturday, I would be really in trouble because we would not be able to plan our week without it!

Then I had to walk into the kitchen and stand by the phone to answer or make calls, because our wall-mounted phone only has a 6-foot handset cord.

Now my 7-year-old grandson complains that his online games are not fast enough...

Dad has 5 remote controls... It depends on who of us is closest to the TV... Our TV only has 2 colors... Black and white... If we want to listen to the local news, we pick up the phone and listen... Our games The machine is the front yard...We eat..."You will eat what I made, and you will like it"...We made it according to our requirements... "Because I said so"

Has anyone considered sending videos or photos? Is there any opportunity in your early network to involve telegram keys?

Give you. This is hardly the oldest example, but it's old enough, I think video is more interesting than magazine scanning, and I don't want Google to go further.

In fact, shortly after I started working, my employer retired the last income Morse line in a remote area of ​​the country. In those days, fax was available, but video required a dedicated channel with sufficient bandwidth to carry it. It is usually transmitted via microwave or coaxial cable.

Some of us work from home and we need fast internet so that we can get acceptable client database access performance and low latency.

You can try to run the Oracle JDBC connection through a bad connection to see how efficient you are.

Maybe you were trapped in the 1990s, but that doesn't mean we have to suffer for your sins.

These situations should really be carried out from the VDI/Jump server on the company network, so there is no need for the fast bandwidth from home to the company's virtual workstation to provide services for the database.

"DSL is enough... for me, but not for most people."

Here, I solved this problem for you.

But what about videos about cats? ?

Oh, I remember you. You are the person in 1988, and he said that we don't need anything faster than 2400 baud, because you can't read faster.

I have a 10mb DSL at work at my mom’s, use it to establish a voip connection on a work conference call, while using a VPN connection, and host webex while she is watching netflix (although the Roku is set to 720 to minimize any buffering because of her I have never watched any high-definition programs, but I have watched high-definition programs and have not seen any problems.

However, I might pay the same fee here, if it weren’t for my over-built cable ISP (tested on 920/25) to buy 800/20 for $39.99/month

Yes, I hope to upload better, but in this house... not less than 100/20, and even close to cutting mustard.

Unfortunately, my moms, I will move back there after retirement, and this is all we can get. If DSL disappears, there is nothing but satellites that have been attracted once, and would rather use those old 1200 baud modems. I have actually been thinking about trying to get business class/wholesale internet near where it is available to get a multipoint wireless license to start my own local rural ISP for others in my area. A degree in electronic design, but initially worked in the computer industry, began to turn to communications, and then provided telecommunications for the company, so I have some experience in how to do it. I now use old Cisco APs running autonomous IOS point-to-point settings all over my farm, but these are limited to distance/speed/bandwidth lower than most people want to use now.

I think "xDSL" is a bit outdated.

But for FttN and FttH installations, the way the xDSL infrastructure is set up is indeed logical. Since the local node can have multiple redundant feedbacks, it provides better redundancy than pure FttH. (If someone breaks the cable, the link will be lost, but with the FttN setting, you need to worry about shorter, non-redundant links.)

Although xDSL technology has been largely forgotten. VDLS2 provides a "best case" of over 200 Mb/s, and VDLS2 is even better. (300 Mb/s.) Although, both of these are affected by the extra cable length... But to be honest, moving 100 Mb/s over 200 meters in both directions with a single-pair twisted pair is impressive. .

It's not that xDSL itself should exist forever. But the network node solution is logical. And there is almost no reason why the network cable between the node and the end user cannot be used as an example. (Maybe it’s not running "Ethernet", or yes, most IT equipment can handle links up to 100 meters long, and I have seen network cards that can get good bandwidth over 300 meters of cables. But at some point, fiber optics more meaningful.)

Nodes have considerable flexibility, and to be honest, this is the main advantage of xDSL.

Despite this, many people on the Internet are still stuck at speeds below 10 Mb/s and only over 1 Mb/s. That is, many people are sitting on the first-generation ADSL. For most of these people, just getting VDSL will be a considerable upgrade... and upgrading DSLAM from ADSL to VDSL is not that expensive, each box is 2-3 large, each processing 48-96 users... (or about $70 per subscriber. There is a little technical staff time. So it might be 100...Most xDSL modems sold do support VDSL2 as a "standard", I at least Have never seen a modem that does not support VDSL.)

On the other hand, the use of optical fiber usually costs a few hundred dollars per subscriber, which is much more expensive. However, it can provide several times the bandwidth. But in any case, many people don't really subscribe more than 100-200 Mb/s.

Today, people's expectations far exceed what the copper pair can provide. Nodes are used to bring fiber closer to the home, but copper wire is still used for the last point. I don't know where you are, but in my area, telephone companies and cable TV companies are connecting fiber to more and more homes, not just to a nearby node. By the way, the theoretical maximum bandwidth of optical fiber is about 2.5 petabits, and companies such as Google are running submarine cables that support multiple terabits. There is no way to compare it with copper.

The actual bandwidth limit of optical fiber is not only "2.5 Pb/s", the actual limit also greatly reduces its bandwidth.

In fact, even the risk of exceeding 100 Gb/s becomes quite expensive. Nevertheless, even the cost of 1 Gb/s long-distance fiber optic modules is higher than most consumers think "reasonably".

It's not that "fiber is not worth it". Compared to just using fiber to the home, the fiber connecting the nodes provides additional benefits.

Where I live, the fiber does enter the street and stops quickly at a box on the side of the road. It contains a large patch panel so that new lines can be introduced when needed. (That is, there are some spare parts for the return route.)

However, if someone on the line disconnects the backhaul line, then the Internet will disappear. It is expensive to repair. Customers will complain.

Node-based solutions will require damage to the cable between the node and the consumer. The type of connection used for the "last mile" (usually not even a mile) can use copper or optical fiber. See what is most suitable.

If the user connection is very long, fiber optics can be used. But for those who live within short distances, copper can also be used. The G.Fast DSL standard can support speeds of up to 500 Mb/s within a reasonable distance, and can also support speeds of up to 1 Gb/s if it is nearby. (However, that is on a single-pair twisted pair. A 4-pair network cable can provide higher bandwidth "easily.")

The node itself will obviously use fiber, but there are at least two independent backhaul lines to provide redundancy for customers.

In such a node setting, the backhaul line can also be used more cost-effectively. Because every customer does not need their own.

(There are fiber multiplexers now, but fiddling with 16 types of fiber modules for users will cause incorrect maintenance. There are many capable IT service technicians, but there are also some incompetent. Not to mention curious customers.... )

When everything boils down to politics, it’s interesting that you think the problem to be solved is related to technology. I live in Bernney, but because of politics, I have amazing connections. If your network is not good, it is because you did not vote for a competent representative.

Yes, I agree that 99% of Internet services are politics and 1% are technology.

The government here in Sweden once owned telephone lines, and they established a competent xDSL foundation. (Connections over 500 meters are very rare and almost non-existent. Unlike other countries, some people are 2-5 kilometers away from the local DSLAM. ("Telecom office", if someone can call a box "full") IT Equipment office...))

However, the tide changed and the government privatized telephone service in exchange for some quick cash. Then this privatized company is now mainly pursuing profit and has not touched their hardware for a long time unless it breaks. This is really the lowest cost, so that they sometimes won't even build their network into a new development.

However, the government also pays close attention to the laser in the glass optical fiber, thereby providing tax subsidies. In contrast, xDSL is unprofitable, although it is a more cost-optimized solution...

One of Sweden’s largest exporters is Ericsson, which may not help. Ericsson is a telecommunications equipment manufacturer that has been investing heavily in optical fiber since the advent of the Internet. (By the way, they didn't make many xDSL devices.)

So yes, before good economic planning and resource management, it is politics, hype, public opinion and marketing. Reasonable long-term decisions are usually boring decisions, and Joe's average level rarely supports... (Anyway, politicians only need to think about the next 4 years, if things are not successful, they will only blame the opposition. )

"Pay close attention to the laser in the glass fiber,"

It's best not to do that. They may be blind. ;-)

On the other hand, isn't that great?

Knowing that there are some dangers in optical fiber, suddenly hype the train derailed. Everyone said that optical fiber is dangerous and should be banned.

Obviously joking, this creates a lot of problems where fiber is actually an excellent solution. It's just that fiber is exaggerated by many people...

It's like running 2 meters of optical fiber in a data center, because "optical fiber!" instead of direct-connected copper cables with lower power consumption and higher reliability. (Not surprising, but the light is easily blocked by a piece of dust. On the other hand, the copper pads and pins sometimes don't even mind being surrounded by real dirt...)

What is the bandwidth of these data centers? I have seen 10 G in use, and now some are using 100 G. Copper cannot compete with it because it can barely reach 10 G in a short distance.

I have seen operating speeds as low as a single Gb/s... I can understand the use of 100 Gb/s fiber optic modules.

However, there are 100 Gb/s DAC cables on the market. (Although, I can only find these within a length of up to 5 meters. A relatively short distance.)

The DAC usually only takes the differential pair on the (Q)SFP port, buffers it, and then sends it to one or two twisted pairs. Although some people use Twinax... but it is actually just a buffered copper cable that connects from one to the other.

To be honest, there is almost no reason to use fiber in these short runs.

https://www.fs.com/products/65906.html?currency=USD&paid=google_shopping&gclid=CjwKCAjw0On8BRAgEiwAincsHP7dQ1awgaLuixxbkNgOav7b0R-UiAKK6pjnrGUJbtDtHKf7-R9d is an example of what he said. I believe he said an example.

I can't talk about telephone/ADSL nodes, but the cable nodes I have seen do not have redundant feeds. In my years of experience, there has never been a redundant connection with residential customers. On the other hand, I have seen a large bank obtain 4-channel redundancy through optical fiber, 2 channels from my company, 2 channels from the telephone company, and each channel provides a path from the bank's data center in the opposite direction. At the other end is their backup data center in another city.

Most DSLAMs I have seen have 2 fiber optic lines connected to it. (Or 4, if you count them as full-duplex lines...) One is along one hose, and the other is along the other. But it may just be a daisy chain setup with multiple nodes. (Or some circles, but the circles are at least redundant.)

I cannot say that it is redundant.

But a good setup should have basic redundancy. (I don't need to always be "full bandwidth", which is a bit stupid. In any case, the network will eventually be over-provisioned...)

FttH also runs to the local node, just like FttN. No one will install a separate fiber optic line between each house and the central office.

People who install FttN-based ADSL instead of traditional DSL are getting a legal upgrade, although it is still not as good as using coaxial cable or fiber optics to your house. The losers are those who are losing their DSL service and have no alternatives at all.

FttH in my area has its "local" node about 2-5 kilometers away. And xDSL has its node within 500 meters.

This is not a small difference.

I was on a VDSL link, and there was less than 50m of copper wire (they call it "fiber to the roadside") to the box in the telecommunications pit on the street. I got 53Mbps downlink speed and 19Mbps uplink speed in the speed test (And if I want to pay, I can get a faster speed).

That is short-term. So if you want to upgrade the hardware in the future, it should be able to support G.Fast up to about 900-1000 Mb/s.

It is enough speed to say the least. G.Fast can also provide a speed of 100 Mb/s for about 500 meters, which is better than the current VDSL system.

It's not that VDSL is bad. Most xDSL users worldwide do not have a better connection than the early ADSL. Under ideal conditions, the speed of these ADSLs can hardly exceed 20 Mb/s. To be honest, the xDSL system is the biggest reason for many criticisms because it is not good.

It is 2020, and VDSL2 came out as early as 2002. That was 18 years ago, why didn't more people migrate to it? (VDSL2 DSLAM is also not expensive... Its cost is almost lower than the cost of the fiber company to install the fiber to a house where I live.)

This is the result I got using the cable modem this morning: https://www.speedtest.net/result/10336078782

In view of the performance difference, the significant distance of ADSL is insignificant for optical fiber.

"Ensure that every household that still has copper wires has some kind of Internet access"?

Why would any municipality want to invest in a slow, substandard service on the rotten copper wire, and then spend money to maintain this substandard service? The telecommunications company wisely abandoned the copper wires that were still underground. Most of the copper underground has exceeded its useful life. Instead, someone needs to find a cost-effective way to remove and recycle all copper cables.

After Hurricane Sandy, New York City quickly turned to optical fiber because copper cables were flooded. One benefit of fiber is that it doesn't matter whether it gets wet or not. It is not affected at all. In addition, many copper cables have been around for a long time and are deteriorating, even without hurricanes. Once upon a time, telephone wires used paper insulation on a single wire and cloth on the cable. It does not require much water to destroy this cable.

Some places in the northwest of Zeeland are still unable to repair their copper POTS lines... but if they want to upgrade to fiber, they can do it by the end of next week.

This happens when the local government is managed by Tony Soprano.

"One of the benefits of fiber is that it doesn't matter whether it gets wet or not. It is not affected at all."

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.idacs.uk.com/images/uploads/downloads/Datwyler_WP_Water_Impact_FO_2014.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjMmZ-qnNrsAhWCWM0KHTAhWCWM0KHTAhWWM0KHTAC0WwM0KHTAC0Z5WM0KHTACAwsQiFullxImpacts/downloads/Datwyler_WP_Water_Impact_FO_2014. pdf

"If water diffuses into the fiber material (Si2O), the attenuation will increase irreversibly. Water molecules will also enter the micro-cracks in the fiber, expanding them and significantly shortening the fiber life."

Reading what it says it needs to become a problem. The article mentions fusion splice boxes, etc., but indicates that the actual optical fiber is relatively immune. Even so, it will take several years for problems to occur. For fiber, you have glass fiber, which has its own plastic covering, at least one sheath, and usually forms a gel to prevent water from entering. In addition, when the optical fibers are fusion spliced, they are laser welded and covered with a sheath for protection. Although water damage is not impossible, it is unlikely. On the other hand, paper-cloth-covered copper cables are very sensitive to moisture, and may even be a problem with plastic insulation. It is only due to the capacitance change between the pair of wires, which will cause the impedance to change. For many years, outside the factory The cables are pressurized with nitrogen, just to prevent moisture from entering.

Yes, so do you believe that telecommunications will properly maintain fiber optic cables after seeing how they maintain copper cables? What a joke, their only goal is to push everyone to LTE, where they can make huge profits. If you think Telecom is interested in maintaining any fixed-line telephone functions for consumers, then you are just joking.

@X As I mentioned, in my area, both telephone and cable companies are running FTTH, not just nodes. However, I doubt whether the telephone company is spending too much on copper cables.

I haven't seen the use of lasers to fuse telecom fibers...All machines use electric arcs...and the sheath is used for mechanical protection, and the fuse is more likely to break than the rest of the fiber. The complete cable is absolutely waterproof, as is the (relatively) thick plastic "straw" inside, not sure what the gel is inside (I only know it is very messy). But—the last layer is a certain type of acrylate, which is easily soluble in polar solvents such as IPA or ethanol. It is also very thin, and the fiber stripes of the splice box extend to the last layer. My personal bet is that once the junction box is directly water-cooled, the optical fiber will degrade.

"Why does any municipality want to invest in a slow, substandard service on the rotten copper wire, and then spend money to maintain this substandard service?" Because this is how the government works, why do you think the penny is still exist?

My own experience with DSL is a long time ago, and I almost live at the end of this line. I have an unreliable connection with a rated speed of up to 750 kbps (not mbps!), but in fact it barely beats 56.6k dial-up. Before that, I was happy to have a 14.4k modem that replaced my 2400 baud modem (I somehow managed to run BBS). This was in the 1990s, so it was pretty good at the time. I remember that it takes about an hour per megabyte to download a file with a 14.4k modem. Now I can download gigabytes of data in a few minutes using a wired Internet connection of 100 mbps. Over the past 25 years, telecommunications technology has made great strides.

Having said that, I am fortunate to have a reliable high-speed connection. My father recently moved to a new apartment about 1,000 feet away, due to his landlord’s procrastination and very limited ISP options (now I can only choose one because DSL is not an option). The town where he is located is one of the places where the telecom company thinks that the profit is not enough to be concerned, so they did not pay attention. asshole.

Telecoms are all jerks, your failure is with your elected officials who are not doing their jobs.

You know I can’t see one of your comments on my laptop. Believe me, I have seen it. I think there is a smell of boi abouts, but only Al is controlling him. You posted nice and salty content. Not just salt. It's a pity that we have Ed's Gatekeeping.

As the article reported-ADSL is still widely used in the UK. Cable TV is not very popular (OTA and satellite are still more popular than cable TV), not everyone has fiber to the cabinet (aka FTTC VDSL2), your phone line can provide 70/40 (or in some cases G.Fast uses up to 300Mbs). The UK is far behind many other European countries in terms of FTTH/FTTP (fiber to the home, fiber to the premises), although it is accelerating deployment (my in-laws in a small village may have 1Gbs fiber connections if they want) we Far behind the numbers in countries such as Spain, Portugal and Sweden.

Copper fixed telephones are still common here. I just moved to the cable TV area-now I get 500/40 through EuroDocsis, and my cable TV provider provides me with a fixed line through VOIP... (no electricity, no fixed line...)

Due to almost full tax subsidies for all apartment buildings, Sweden has only a large number of optical fiber applications. This alone accounts for 1/3 of the total population.

All new networks have only fiber optics.

All of this has been subsidized by taxation to the point of stupidity. Even if everyone I know is satisfied with the speed of 50-200 Mb/s, considering that Sweden has a very good xDSL network infrastructure, the speed of regular xDSL can provide a small part of the cost. Transition from the current first-generation ADSL to VDSL2, each DSL user will not even spend 50 Euros. (This kind of connection can actually provide a connection of more than 150 Mb/s for everyone here.)

For me, fairness is a stupid waste. In the next 10 or even 20 years, the demand of a typical household will not exceed 1 Gb/s. Especially considering that since 1998, more than half of the country's connection speeds are below 10 Mb/s. The infrastructure was planned to be upgraded to VDSL in 2004-2005, and work was in progress. Then the government privatized the national telephone network and the upgrade cycle stopped. Therefore, if you are "lucky", a person owns VDSL1. Since nodes sometimes fail, some people revert to ADSL again, and they have old ones on the shelf, so why not use them...

In addition, lasers in glass fibers are very easy to market. The optical fiber company that builds the network is owned by the government. Since people are hyping optical fiber, they should get optical fiber. (I call it an idiot. In any case, they are likely to privatize this fiber company within a few years, and the quality of service will plummet like a stone in the Mariana Trench.)

"Regular xDSL" is not cheap. This is an FTTC technology that requires a lot of investment and uses a lot of electricity.

You may be able to postpone your investment in fiber for a few more years. However, once optical fiber appears and makes it obsolete, VDSL investment will have to be written off.

How is the supply of apartment buildings in Sweden? Can people really send fiber to their apartment? An apartment building is a situation where FTTH doesn't make much sense. FTTB (connected to each home via VDSL) is a wise solution. When the building needs renovation, each home will be upgraded to optical fiber links or Ethernet cables.

I live in an apartment-style apartment. I have a pair of pipes leading to the utility room, where the cable distribution equipment is. Each of them only has 1 coaxial cable. Pulling in the fiber will be trivial. On the other hand, some buildings will be more difficult. There are many high-rise buildings that are recabled. They placed conduits on the external walls to fix the new cables. So it will depend on the building.

Installing fiber to a single apartment in a new building is not difficult. The main disadvantage is that fiber optic modems in apartments are more expensive than cable modems or 10 Gb Ethernet switches, but it is a useful future proof.

In existing buildings that already have coaxial cables connected to apartments, it makes more sense to use it. But if there are only POTS lines in the building, pulling the optical fiber will be a good technology upgrade.

Some buildings have fiber to the apartment. Others have network cables. If some people even have VDSL, I wouldn't be surprised.

But the same approach is also applicable to ordinary houses in many areas, because in many urban areas, the distance between houses is usually no more than 10-30 meters. Perhaps it is not in the countryside, where houses are hundreds of meters apart, and it is more logical to go directly to home with optical fiber.

But using VDSL, G.Fast or similar equipment in apartment buildings is very similar to FttC installation. It is a small local node. (However, most of the DSLAM devices I have seen are not less than 48 lines, so for FttC installations, this is a lot of channels, so some may not be used and reduce the cost-effectiveness of the solution.)

I think this means we can stop pretending that there is competition in the U.S. broadband sector, but then other commentators pointed out wireless communications. Although I can use decent broadband, Xfinity/Comcast is indeed the only option (which does not help with pricing at all). When I tried to check my options, it was either broadband transmission to my home cable or POTS copper wire. The idea of ​​Verizon, Tmobile, or AT&T to provide broadband via 4G is ridiculous because there are enough users in my area to cause connection problems (especially when copper cable broadband is interrupted).

In the United States, I hope we no longer pretend to either do something to really promote competition or regulate the industry like a utility (assuming that we can even properly regulate the utility in this country).

The best part is all the discarded "black copper" left by the utilities. Our community is full of old rusty telephone box boxes, spitting out rotting copper wires on the side of the road and in the yard. Occasionally there is a car backing through some phone lines, and it will be parked there for 6 months (proving that the box and wires are no longer in use). The city claimed that they were unable to force the utility company to clean up their mess. Literally, every corner, every block.

At the same time, skip mowing the lawn for a week and expect to be cited.

Just try to dial the emergency service 911 on the "new" hotline.

What if your power supply is dead? The Internet is paralyzed.

Finish. Stroke, heart attack? Unfortunately.

"There should be a cell phone!"

Your "fault" is not theirs. After the incident and/or tragedy? You will forget...

Unless you want to rent spare batteries from AT&T to pay extra.

To continue, just unplug the new modem from the line. If you still hear the dial tone, please let us all know. Because you may not.

I used plain old POTS for a while because I thought the telephone company would maintain the existing auxiliary power supply for its old equipment. guess what? I found that this was not the case during the long and long power failures. After a few hours, the old telephone lines also lost power-I think they didn't care enough about their old equipment to maintain the generators-or they might scrap them, and once the central office battery is dead-that is Until power is restored.

The system should be independent. Therefore, the passed laws prevent you from stealing the ring to gain power.. Check it out! I'm serious, it's so fun, it's like don't call the car battery for hours in a row.

I hope the FCC (United States) will pay attention. Cell phone reception in some areas is very poor, which makes 911 a problem. For this reason, my parents still have a landline phone, which can still work even during a power outage.

My parents cannot use the cable, the nearest service is 5 miles away, and I suspect that any company will run it to connect my parents to some other houses along the way. Too many tall trees will prevent the use of satellites unless my parents invested in a 100-foot tower. There is no local fiber at the moment, all they get is DSL or dial-up modem.

Suppose, if landlines are interrupted and mobile phone service is still bad, will these companies be sued for failing to provide reliable 911 services?

It seems that emergency communications should be a completely independent service. The actual amount of data required is much smaller, the call duration is shorter, and the frequency of use is low.

Reserve a low-frequency spectrum for public digital emergency messages, build it into all phones, and operate at a much higher power level.

There is a lot of discussion about the importance of emergency communication, but in practice, we just try to add it to existing things.

There are still a lot of land with no mobile phone service and no fixed telephone, such as the middle of the desert. AFAIK, your only option is to spend about $18 a month on a satellite SMS device, or just send the "Come on Rescue" EPIRB to me! "A message with no further information.

When everyone needs them at the same time, low-bandwidth solutions will collapse in a major disaster, but they may be suitable for rural areas.

FWIW, WiFi calling is set up on my phone. Part of the setup is to provide your home address and then send it to the 911 operator, just like via a wired phone. My complaint about this is that even if you use WiFi elsewhere, it will send the same address. I sent a suggestion to Google to bind it to a specific SSID to solve the problem. As for low-bandwidth services, SMS has already done it. Every now and then, you will hear disasters where the phone cannot be connected due to congestion, but SMS can.

Sorry, James, they cheated on the state, city, county, city and abnormal zip code... Are you in... in the current state where I live?

All towns 2 hours. South of ATL. Grocery stores...farms have stopped serving food...the mirror windows of those old shops in the 70s contain...calls operated by the BRIC countries (except Brazil and Russia) Central equipment racks and racks.

I'm pretty sure you have seen calls from VoIP number blocks recently.

There are always "new technology", "high-tech" and so on. The POTS phone once said that all these rotten copper wires are high-tech.

I remember my mother told our local telephone company to persuade my grandparents to install a phone—their first phone. The argument was the same as it is now.

So, just like then, if you can't keep up with modern technology, you will die-it's "your fault". And it really is! ! ! With or without you, the technology will continue to evolve, and it is up to you to decide whether to register or not.

"So, just like then, if you can't keep up with modern technology, you will die-it's'your fault'. And it really is!!! With or without you, the technology will evolve, and it's up to you to decide whether to register. "

Strangely, people accepted this state of affairs. Keep up with the changing needs of the technocratic aristocracy-otherwise!

From modern cars to modern electrical appliances to modern high-efficiency hearing systems, everything today is "new technology", all of which make our modern life much better than it was 10 years ago.

However, all the technologies I use now are the same as ten years ago. I know, because I have hardly replaced any of them. Buying new things all the time is not progress, it's just a waste of money.

"My technology is better than yours, so I am allowed." The drone said, the electromagnetic orbital accelerated bullet passed through your roof, entered your skull, entered your wife's skull, entered your child's skull, and entered the dog's skull. , Enter the cat skull, enter the mouse skull, and then enter the trash tray... and then it flew in with a dragon... "East"

Two hours passed, everyone was buzzing repeatedly, and DRONE yelled happily.

The drone horns and announces... "It's a nobleman"... Then tells the public water and sanitation company to pump back.

Fortunately to see the sea! ! ! 🤣

Well, it’s better than emergency services that don’t exist at all, so to a large extent, it’s not because you can’t keep up with you and you die, but if you don’t keep up, it’s the old low-tech things that will always kill people. Will get you.

The economy must have a "catch up or die" side, but not all of it comes from technocrats. Many come from the anti-technology, "good times make the weak" type, they want us to work 12 hours a day and do math IRL on paper.

The tech community is very cold to anyone who can't or doesn't want to upgrade, almost like the anti-tech community will criticize you for using a smart alarm clock.

I suspect that they secretly like to destroy old things that are backwards incompatible, because the idea of ​​anyone running old things that may have unpatched bugs is so terrible for them, and they would rather destroy a lot of people's things from time to time of course.

In addition to security, many of them view technology as a "pure" pursuit, and are completely willing to make the result ugly or weakened, or require expensive hardware, as long as the internal structure is more beautiful. They would rather own Swiss watches than cheap quartz watches with the most artistic design.

The 90s were great because this attitude hardly happened, and I hope we can return to some of them, but the open source movement is increasingly ending towards the "mathematicians" of the "three tribes".

Consider himself. Fecal food.

Don't feed the trolls.

I looked at you, shrugged and turned over... "Why don't they bother to learn ham." Did you know? you deserved.

is it possible? Tom. The world is better now. Without yours. Emphasis and completeness.

Breathe fresh air... thoroughly. And full. Complete and fair. madness. Yes.

That's right. . go a head. Tom, this is what you always wanted...for yourself.

I guess you are talking about a very specific situation.

Where I live, POTS has been less reliable than cellular or cable after the two began to become commonplace. This includes the time before they start trying to keep people away from the analog system.

For people outside the community, it makes sense to keep POTS, but you definitely can't extend it to everyone.

Damn it, my grandmother has/has a mobile phone. Special phone for the elderly.

According to my inference, Verizon has stopped digging to install fiber in new communities because they think their wireless 5G will be cheaper and more competitive.

What does "more competitive" mean without competition? Maybe you mean "weak competitiveness"? Remember how Verizon became "more competitive" when it acquired all its competitors? Yes, neither do I.

In the near future, there will be only one company.

DSL is one of the saddest experiences in my life in Arizona. I am glad that this is a vague memory. It is not surprising that it has been declared the end of life. Long overdue.

Well, maybe this is just my opinion, but... DSL, PLC... are the same horror for radio enthusiasts. The infrastructure used by these technologies was never designed for this purpose. The BCI/RFI noise they cause is terrible because neither the telephone line nor the AC cable is shielded.

To make matters worse, the telephone line used in very old houses is not even twisted pair, but is essentially just an ordinary speaker cable. Nevertheless, telephone companies used these ancient lines for DSL and did not consider the huge noise emitting antennas they created in the process. For PLC, DSL, etc., you need a very good shielded coaxial cable and an antenna away from the house to be able to listen to shortwave frequencies below 10MHz.

(To make matters worse, many household appliances make noise. In particular, these terrible switching power supplies are loved by everyone for their "efficiency". If you are lucky, ferrite will help to get rid of the cost wave, at least .)

If DSL is the only broadband available in their area, I can understand why some people care about DSL, but those areas are losing DSL? The situation described in the first 2/3 of the article looks like DSL and optical fiber are the only two forms of Internet connection, and only cable and satellite will be briefly mentioned later.

Well, the satellite is dumb. Even if you manage to get good bandwidth through it (unlikely), the delay will make it garbage.

But wired is still good.

We used AT&T U-Verse briefly, and they brought it to the market to make you sound like you're acquiring fiber, but it's not fiber to home. I'm not sure what it is, fiber to the polls, and then DSL into the house? It forces you to use their routers. If you want to do any form of port forwarding, the thing is a POS and its settings will not be correct. If this is what you have to endure in order to get their fiber, I will stick to copper.

In any case, at least in the city where I live, most communities can use wired Internet before DSL. It is the distance limitation of DSL to DSLAM that hinders it. Most of my friends and I still use the dial-up accounts provided by our free university, ready to sign documents and start using the service that arrived at our apartment first. For most of us, this means cables.

Four or five years later, a friend of mine is still using DSL. This is unreliable and slow. I asked him why he didn't change. He had some views on the importance of competition and didn't want the cable company to monopolize. OK. But isn't the purpose of market competition to encourage competitors to improve? Supporting a long-term crappy service is a bit of a failure, isn't it?

So yes, if anyone in a rural area or anywhere is completely cut off because of this, they have my sympathy. But as long as there are better options, why continue to use DSL to stay alive?

I agree, but I have a friend who used an early wired internet connection. Downloading is great, but uploading... oh my goodness. At that time, when his sisters were also online, we were unable to video chat via ICQ... It is better now (also using cable), but cable is a shared medium. The more users in the house, the less bandwidth an individual has.

No matter how you connect, it is shared at some point. ADSL is not much better in this respect. In addition, Ethernet provides bandwidth on demand, regardless of its capabilities. Therefore, although there may be other users, if they are not doing anything, then you have all of your bandwidth.

Are you using one of the early cable modem systems for dial-up upload?

AT&T U-Verse is "fiber to the node"-there is a telecommunications box powered by optical fiber on the street, and the DSLAM in the box uses various short-distance high-speed DSL styles to reach your home (VHDSL, etc.). In the best case, This allows you to get speeds in excess of 25 Mbps, which was initially split into one channel for your TV and one channel for your Internet. In my case, I used to have a 3 Mbps central office DSL, and may have reached 6 Mbps, but they will eliminate it. The wires in my block are powered by a telecom box about 5,000 feet away, which is too far to keep the higher speed stable, even at 5 Mbps. (There is a newer box 1,000 feet away, but it didn't come on until decades after my block was connected.) So I gave up and used a cable modem. The old DSL has been stable for many years, except for a squirrel biting wire and occasional DSL modem/router box failure.

(Disclaimer: I’m an AT&T employee, but not on the side of the business, so partly it’s general knowledge about the technology we’ve been selling, partly talking to technicians.)

I was a little surprised that when talking about "DSL style", you didn't mention that VDSL2 did not stop with ITU-T G.993.2. In addition to ITU-T G.993.5, also known as "vector", does not actually increase throughput (but allows ISPs to have more users per line), there is also ITU-T G.993.2 Annex Q, also known as "super vector" , It can reach down to 250 mbit and 40 upstream. This has been actively spread in Germany, as ISPs are doing their best to lay fiber optic cables into apartment buildings with 70-year-old doorbell lines.

Personally, I have been using high-performance ADSL2 lines until May of this year. I switched to a 100/40 VDSL2 line, because facing the necessity of working from home, I really need to increase the *upstream* bandwidth. Although 100 megabits is good, I can still use 16 megabits downstream.

In any case, all of these have an optimal date. Once the international travel restarts, I will complete the migration to a place far, far away, where the cheapest line option-gigabit fiber-has been extended out of the kitchen wall everywhere.

These newer DSL styles are very particularly a kind of FTTC technology. You cannot use them for traditional networks because the lines are usually too long.

I live in southeastern Texas. And ATT is our only real choice. I have adsl dry loop. A drop of 6 trillion. It has been very stable for the past year or so...I have complained enough about the signal noise on the line, and finally someone has solved it. I can only hope that I have another viable option...but unfortunately I don't have...not in rural Texas. I use craptastic attt because there is no other choice

Write an article about the Federal Universal Service Fund and what it should be used to subsidize. Include what types of companies use it and what they *and don't* use the funds. What other companies are willing to spend part of the money to support Internet access, but not because it involves too much red tape and so on.

It will not disappear in Australia until the DSLAM of the local exchange fails.

In our national broadband network joke, copper wire networks will be maintained in areas that are not served by any type of optical fiber. There is a service obligation, that is, you must have a dial tone for emergency services, even if you have no service. When the power fails, the fiber service area uses a failover LTE dongle plugged into the modem/router.

Our local Telstra technician told me that the ADSL equipment will not be shut down, but it will not be maintained. When it finally disappears, I will switch to LTE, or if it is available by then, I will switch to Starlink.

My brother just did a speed test on 5G-267 down, 48 up.

In today's data age, DSL is a dead technology. To be honest, using dsl for everything is a joke.

Isn’t the problem one of the cost and the amount of work required?

It took about a hundred years to lay two pairs of copper wires for each property. It takes some time and a lot of money to pull an optical fiber into everyone's hands. Copper is strong and easy to cut, splice and repair. Optical fibers are somewhat fragile, and splicing requires special tools and well-trained technicians.

I think At&T is the red line of my community. I have been with them since 2001 and have been having problems with my cheap netgear b550 modem for many years. I live in a rural area and want to understand why we cannot get fiber service. There is a city not far from me that can get it. Someone told me they want to upgrade the satellite, I don't want it. When doing my research, why do we pay the same price as fiber optic customers? unfair. Some areas of my city can receive spectrum services. How to ask this question on AT&T to hear customer concerns about service. I have children who go to school at home and want high-quality Internet services. It is too expensive to afford satellite service. We may never get an upgrade. Our rural areas should receive high-quality services like cities. When companies spend money to upgrade, they should provide all the customer service they provide, not certain types of communities that they prefer.

"Shareholder Value"-AT&T's Real Problem

As someone who holds thousands of AT&T stocks, I actually agree that they will cut dividends for a few years, clean up the debt chaos caused by Randall's acquisition of all those spam media companies, and focus on actual communication.

The problem is that the manager of hedegund will never allow it.

I would like to know if you remove the DC bias (increase corrosion in a humid environment) and increase the signal voltage to just below the safe limit of 30V AC, what is the theoretical limit of DSL in typical operation. Or, if the ISP is approved in some way to run any voltage they like on the line (by relabeling them as high-voltage lines?), what is the ultimate limit before the cable dielectric is damaged?

The voltage has nothing to do with it, as long as you have the right signal-to-noise ratio. Nowadays, a lot of signal processing provides us with bandwidth. In addition, the longer the cable, the lower the bandwidth you can run. Of course, this is related to the baseband signal. Cable television systems use channels that are amplified at intervals.

If the noise is the same, a higher voltage (larger signal) will provide a better SNR. Consider that the voltage will attenuate, especially at higher frequencies, so it may be possible to increase the voltage on the ISP side while the client constantly sends back the voltage it sees so that it is always within the client’s safety limits. If the connection is lost, it will also drop to 30V AC or lower on the ISP side, so there is no risk of electric shock if the cable is accidentally inserted.

I just want to know how close the current DSL standards are to security restrictions, and what the ultimate restrictions on cables are. My impression is that the voltage is currently limited by the cost of wide-bandwidth high-voltage amplifiers (especially when standards are being developed), and the bandwidth can be increased several times before the safe voltage limit begins to limit.

Has anyone seen any open source software-defined ITU G.992.1/2 ADSL DSLAM implementation? SDR in direct sampling mode is an ideal platform for playing ADSL variants. I can only find one person trying this setting. Elias Önal uses RTL2832 to capture VDSL synchronization/handshake: https://eliasoenal.com/2014/07/11/vdsl-sync/

https://eliasoenal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/VDSL_sync_small.png

If you just want to run something "DSL-like" on a pair of wires instead of actually interoperating with DSL equipment, use some Homeplugs to separate the data coupling from the power cord.

Homeplug is indeed a good way to actually implement something usable, as the OpenROV people have practiced since 2013 https://forum.openrov.com/t/teardown-of-a-homeplug-adapter/305 I am more interested in education Interests/retro computing aspects of things. We already have telephone modem/fax (linux minimodem, Fabric Bellard linmodem, Tony Fisher SGI software modem), pure software GSM, DECT receiver, DVB-T and Wifi implementation (GNU Radio), we even have bitbanged USB and Ethernet Net realization. It would be cool to throw ADSL there too.

"I want cable TV anyway, so it makes sense." – This is a common misconception that cable companies undoubtedly profit from it. I have had a cable modem since 2000, and apart from the short period between 2009 and 2012, I have never had cable TV (this is my own choice). No one has ever told me that I must buy a TV to get a cable modem. Of course, I missed the "discount" because I didn't bundle the two together, but it's still cheaper to pay full price for the Internet and full price for TV (or in my case, pay a little bit for streaming services).

In my state, the local phone company asks for $50/month of DSL. Every time I have any contact with them, the endless up-selling is definitely a torture.

At the same time, the local "fixed wireless" wifi-style WISP needs $40/month to get faster service, and they are not difficult to use.

There are some interesting technical details to discuss, but if there is only one phone company again due to endless mergers, and each merger means that your phone bill will permanently increase by 10% of the financial cost, regardless of the efficiency of the small local company How low the supplier is, it will still be cheaper, faster, and more reliable than the products of large companies.

The interesting comment comes from the UK, and as far as I know, this is completely wrong-as of November 1, 2020, 96% fiber-to-the-premises availability. To be fair, almost everyone gets 70Mb/s and 60% reaches 516Mb/s. They believe that 80% should reach 1gb/s within 3 years. I have subscribed to 78Mb/s FTTC service and use ducted copper cable (VDSL?) for the last mile because it is cheap and my house is no longer worth the money. https://www.cable.co.uk/broadband/guides/fiber-broadband-checker/

Because I also live in Portugal, I have given up on ADSL, which is expensive and very unreliable. More importantly, MEO (National Airlines) is incompetent. The thinnest book in the world is the MEO Customer Service Manual, which I gave up after 3 years. Yes, pole-mounted fiber (yuk) may be available, but only as part of the multimedia package. Anyone who has to watch Portuguese TV will understand that I don't want to subscribe to those bad movies. If you watch it for more than 5 minutes, it will make your eyes bleed. Not only that, the 100Mb/s statement did not mention the fact that it is a very competitive service. If you are lucky, expect 15 Mb/s and very bad customer service.

So 4G LTE is a legal way forward, although I am exploring the option of using satellite vestigial sidebands. I use an external antenna to get a two-way transmission speed of about 40Mb/s on a Vodafone mast 5 miles away.

I am posting here because part of your article is incorrect.

I have been using DSL for about 15 years, starting with an old dial-up modem and then staying on the satellite Internet for a short time. In the past 10 years, I have received a call from "AT&T" at least once a week, telling me that they will stop using DSL "in the next few months" and that I must switch to U-Verse. Yes...First of all, their promise that U-Verse is cheaper is a lie. I'm on the business line, and U-Verse's price has risen. When I pointed this out, their argument was "but you get more, so it's cheaper." :rolingeys: Yes...OK. I don't want "more", but even if I want it, it's still not "cheaper". Secondly, I tried U-Verse a few years ago. I ran a web server for my business in my shop, and their modem did not support the port forwarding I needed, so I removed it before the installer left. Third... if it is not broken, don't fix it. For me, it works very well, until it really disappears, I will continue to use something that works...I will cross that bridge when I reach it.

My goodness, is Murikan Internet still on the phone line? ! This is very bad for 2020. I hope you guys know that this update is just a step on the road to an actual upgrade. Most parts of Europe have been fiber to the door or modem for several years.

I am in Canada, but since the advent of a dial-up modem, I have not been able to access the Internet through the phone line. I am using a TV cable and the speed drops by 500 Mb and increases by 20 Mb.

Oh, in capitalist America, shouldn't the "market" overcome all these problems?

And the capitalist market in the United States is overcoming these problems.

Now substandard DSL systems are being replaced by faster and better technologies, all of which are driven by capitalist profits!

Did I miss the irony by blinking?

The U.S. is almost divided by the bad Internet, unlike Indonesia and Singapore that have had fiber optic cables to the venue for many years and enjoy 1G/s quietly.

Most areas of the United States lag behind Europe for several years and have not invested in them, so they are obsessed with high-priced satellite coverage

I have access to all Internet connections.

I have fixed dial-up, fixed ISDN, ADSL, and maybe every DOCSIS version up to 3.1 (so far). I insist on using ADSL because I have a static IP address block. I gave up on this by moving the server from my garage to the web hosting.

I am quite confident that our current connection is FTTC. In the heart of Silicon Valley, I certainly look forward to more.

As telecommunications companies "stop selling new services"... well... it's like consumers lining up and spending $60 a month to get a 10mbps connection...please... ..

You do know that this only applies to traditional ADSL1 services...and it can only reach 6Mbps

I still know some people, but they usually pay about 20-30/month, the speed can meet their needs, and it is much more stable than cables.

Not everyone needs a 1000Mbps cable. If someone does not stream a lot of videos or do a lot of downloads, 3-6Mbps is enough.

For some people, this will be an improvement. A friend of mine only has 7 Mb. There are many other services with poor or no services. Many of them have a pandemic, and they should work from home or go to school.

They "quietly" stopped the fixed-line telephone service where I lived. The phone was out of power. When calling to check the progress of the repair, the work order was just sent to the "finished" part and no work was completed. This is completely criminal negligence, because many elderly people do not have the Internet or mobile phones.

This is strange, I filed a complaint with the FCC. Because I am from Chicago, I just moved, and there is no problem with ordering new POTS service, long distance, etc. haha

They may transfer POTS customers to the new "POTS", which is fiber VoIP. In any case, they should not just disconnect someone without providing alternatives.

By the way, my "POTS" is VoIP over cable, and my phone is plugged into the same box that provides Internet and TV services.

Telephone lines are still regulated by the FCC. And they cannot directly disconnect the POTS line without providing a viable alternative. If they do, my best guess is that your local telecommunications company sent any notice required by law and you missed it.

It depends on the country. In Illinois, they don't need to provide the jar... but it is still provided for those who want it, and it is very easy to order when the time is up.

The FCC leaves most of the POTS regulations to each state.

I personally do not "need" my POTS line. I just like to own it (it's a waste of money) so I keep it, I can't use AT&Ts VoIP alternative because it doesn't support pulse (I have some rotating devices around the house)

The person's problem has nothing to do with the POTS being offered, but with the existing POTS line being disconnected without his knowledge. He did this when his TELCO did not repair his wiring and did not notify him.

It is perfectly possible not to provide POTS lines. You have other options. However, it is a completely different thing to disconnect an active line for no other reason except that it cannot be repaired!

I suspect this is actually what happened (unless it was Frontier). The border is destroyed. In BK, they often do not repair things for several weeks at a time.

FCC complaints can usually resolve these issues because they must respond to regulatory agencies.

My point is exactly-2 posts.

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